Informatics Publishing Limited

R. N. Sahoo ¹, S. S. Ray ², K. R. Manjunath ³

Affiliations
1 Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, IN
2 Mahalanobis National Crop Forecast Centre, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110 012, IN
3 Space Applications Centre, ISRO, Ahmedabad 380 015, IN

Abstract

Remote sensing is being increasingly used in different agricultural applications. Hyperspectral remote sensing in large continuous narrow wavebands provides significant advancement in understanding the subtle changes in biochemical and biophysical attributes of the crop plants and their different physiological processes, which otherwise are indistinct in multispectral remote sensing. This article describes spectral properties of vegetation both in the optical and thermal range of the electromagnetic spectrum as affected by its attributes. Different methods have been discussed to reduce data dimension and minimize the information redundancy. Potential applications of hyperspectral remote sensing in agriculture, i.e. spectral discrimination of crops and their genotypes, quantitative estimation of different biophysical and biochemical parameters through empirical and physical modelling, assessing abiotic and biotic stresses as developed by different researchers in India and abroad are described.

Keywords

Agriculture, Biotic And Abiotic Stress, Hyperspectral Remote Sensing, Spectral Reflectance.

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N. S. R. Krishnayya ¹, Binal Christian ¹, Dhaval Vyas ¹, Manjit Saini ¹, Nikita Joshi ¹, K. R. Manjunath ², Tanumi Kumar ², Hitendra Padalia ³, Rajee George ⁴, S. P. S. Kushwaha ³

Affiliations
1 Ecology Laboratory, Department of Botany, The M.S. University of Baroda, Vadodara 390 002, IN
2 Space Applications Centre, India Space Research Organization (ISRO), Ahmedabad 380 015, IN
3 Forest and Ecology Department, Indian Institute of Remote Sensing, ISRO, Dehradun 248 001, IN
4 Department of Environment and Forest, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Port Blair 744 102, IN

Abstract

Tropical forests are the most diverse and complex terrestrial systems. India is one of the mega diverse countries supporting rich floral diversity coming from diverse climatic conditions spread across the length and breadth of the country. Unique characteristics of these forest covers coupled with immense pressure of human activities make their monitoring essential so as to ensure their long-term sustainability. More reliable evaluation of forest cover can give better inputs to the National Mission for a Green India. Imaging spectroscopy is an appropriate technique to address some of these vital issues. This technique has seen an exponential growth in the past two decades, addressing various forestry applications such as tree species identification, invasive species mapping, monitoring phenology, biophysical and biochemical characterization, to name a few. Data acquisition through imaging spectroscopy can be done across different spatial and spectral ranges according to the needs of the user. The review highlights important measures to be taken in using imaging spectroscopy for forestry studies, specifically in the Indian context. It emphasizes future outlook of the technology for a sustained assessment of tropical forest cover.

Keywords

Forest Cover, Imaging Spectroscopy, Parameter Estimation, Sustained Assessment.

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Mugaahed Abdu Kaid Saleh ¹, K. R. Manjunath ²

Affiliations
1 Research Scholar, Department of Management Studies and Research, Kuvempu University, Shimoga, Karnataka, IN
2 Associate Professor and Research Supervisor, Department of Management Studies and Research, Kuvempu University, Shimoga, Karnataka, IN

Abstract

Moving towards digitalisation in business relies on identifying specific purpose, strategy and plans. With continuous advancement in technology, SMEs are induced to adopt such technological advancements to attain and sustain competitive edge over their competitors. Using social media to promote their business goals (to the market) is a primary objective in addition to their activities, products and services offered by the enterprises. This study explores the extent of social media adoption among enterprises in 2 cities in Yemen (Sanaa & Aden); and the primary data (drawn from owners/managers) unveils that WhatsApp and Facebook are the most used social platforms for marketing; while the least used are YouTube and Snapchat. Further, it is also obvious that, where social media is mostly used to facilitate advertising (Mean = 2.54), which has reduced their advertising cost, (Mean = 2.17), at the same time, it has failed to change customer behavior (Mean = -0.66) and serve their recruitment needs (Mean = 0.42). A significant differences has also been observed in terms of their appraisal [when respondents are categorised according to the scope of operations, education level of owner/managers, and age of the enterprise]; and the study concludes that there is an earnest need to train and guide the entrepreneurs of SMEs to adopt social media for innovative purposes that could contribute/enhance the chances of growth and development of business in Yemen, which could help them in creating new business prospects.

Keywords

SMEs, Social Media, Drivers, Enterprises, Sanaa, Aden, Yemen

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